March 16, 2013

Death does not exist

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Father, there's something I don't understand: when I die, my body goes to earth, my soul goes to heaven, and what about me? Where will I go?

Death shouldn't concern us because we will never coincide; as long as we exist, it won't exist; when it exists, we won't exist.   Karl Marx

As Lavoisier’s law says, in nature nothing is lost, everything is transformed. In continuous transformation, nothing stays the same. Death and life are part of the same process, there is no life without death or death without life. Death is not a state in which a living being can be found, but the passage from one form of life to another. Death is a means by which life diversifies and progresses in the evolution of the species.

The green grass in the fields grows until the day the gazelle eats it; the grass has not died, it has progressed and changed form, it has become a gazelle. The gazelle leaps and jumps through the ravines, drinks water from the streams, and wanders through the woods until the day it is eaten by the lion; it has not died, it has been absorbed and assumed by the lion’s body.

As the lion has no predators, it dies of old age or in a fight for male supremacy, its mortal remains are eaten by hyenas and vultures, and what is left is eaten by ants and worms which, in turn, when they die, fertilize the earth where the grass grows again.

On the surface, life is as good as death because neither remains, one follows the other unceasingly.  However, if we take a closer look, we realize that this is not the case.  Although they are two parts or stages of the same process, life and death are not on equal footing; on the contrary, life is on a higher plane because it does not exist for the sake of death, but death does exist for the sake of life.

Therefore, it is not true what the philosopher Heidegger says: "We are a being made for death". The grass lived for months before it died; similarly, the gazelle and the lion lived for years before they died; death was a moment, while life was for years; death was a passage while life is a constant; we are therefore a being made for life.

The same life-death-life process that happens between living beings in the food chain, happens inside every living being. Our body is made up of around 30 trillion cells; each of them behaves as if it were a living being following the rules that govern life on this planet. In other words, they are born, they grow, they reproduce, and they die (interestingly, only cancer cells refuse to die); this is how we explain the growth, transformation and ageing of our body; every 7 years we have biologically a new body.

Psychological maturity, which according to Freud takes place in the transition from the pleasure principle to the reality principle, also implies and presupposes death. The same can be said for spiritual maturity: "For those who want to save their life will lose it, and those who lose their life for my sake will save it" (Luke 9:24)

Just as the lion, which has no predators, is at the top of its food chain and is king of the jungle, Man is king of creation.  Easter means passage; our death or our Easter is like that of Christ. The passage from temporal-spatial form of life to a life in God’s eternity, in which we will not only be a soul but, like Christ, we will possess a spiritual body, a glorious body.

For this reason, we do not lose heart, because "we know that if the earthly tent we live in is destroyed, we have a building from God, a house not made with hands, eternal in the heavens" (2 Corinthians 5:1).

Fr. Jorge Amaro, IMC

March 1, 2013

Fasting is to life what the Zero is to Maths

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"But when you give alms, do not let your left hand know what your right hand is doing, (...) whenever you pray, go into your room and shut the door and pray to your Father who is in secret (...) when you fast, put oil on your head and wash your face..." Mattew 6:3, 6, 17

If praying is our attitude towards God, it is telling him that we love him above all things, and it is the highest manifestation of our freedom; if almsgiving is our attitude towards others, loving others as we love ourselves, and it is the only guarantee of equality and social justice, then what is the point of fasting?

Just like praying and almsgiving, fasting is also more than depriving ourselves of food; it points to our attitude towards ourselves.  We have already described the two values on which human life is based: freedom, in its individual dimension, and equality, in its social dimension.  

Fasting is how zero is at the service of mathematics; it was the invention of zero that made mathematics possible; with Roman numbering system, where zero does not exist, mathematics was not possible.  Similarly, fasting makes equality and love of neighbour possible, as well as freedom and love of God.

Fasting in the broad sense – How can I acknowledge the other in my life, be it God or my peer, if I do not deny myself (Mk 8:34)? Or if I do not fast from my self-centredness and renounce the chance to exalt and swell my ego, by depriving myself of having more? What allegiance can I render to God if I consider myself as my own lord?

How can I serve God and be free if I serve money (Matthew 6:24), if I already gave my heart to riches, power and pleasure? If I do not possess myself, how can I give myself to the Other, God or my neighbour? How can I love my neighbour and feel equal to him if instead of serving him, I serve myself? And how can I share what is mine -- things, time and energy -- if I do not renounce them first? To use an expression that is very current in our crisis-ridden country, fasting is cutting back on expenditure; it is cutting down the time, energy and resources that I spend on myself, so to be able to give them, and myself, to others.

Fasting in the strict sense, that is, depriving oneself of food – Fasting, or dieting in medical language, is to health of the soul as sport is the health of the body. We do not live a life of fasting because we are not monks, nor do we live a life of sports because we are not athletes; but the practice of moderate fasting, boosts the health of the soul as the practice of moderate exercise boosts the health of the body.

Fasting and sport, understood in this way, are at the service of life because they train us for it, providing us with many benefits. Sport trains the body and mind by giving them more energy and health; fasting, as depriving ourselves of food, or abstaining from certain types of food, trains the soul in the art and ability of self-denial, self-sacrifice, self-control and willpower.

After breathing, eating is the most indispensable need we have, depriving ourselves of food takes a lot out of us; for this very reason, it is the best training to be able to fast in the broad sense, in other words, decreasing the "I" to affirm the "YOU", which is what really matters.

Fasting makes a person stronger mentally thus preparing us for bigger sacrifices and self-denials, but the opposite is also true; someone who lacks self-control in the matter of food consumption and is a glutton is very unlikely to be a person who shares, and is likely to be fickle and greedy.

Esau lost his birthright for a plate of lentils (Genesis 25:29-34); may gluttony, a sin that no one confesses to anymore in this consumer society, not lead us to lose our bodies and souls.  As the people say, "the glutton digs the grave with his teeth" and "if you are too greedy you end up with nothing".

Fr. Jorge Amaro, IMC